The French Revolution was a period of political and social problems in the political history of France as a whole, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on enlightenment principles of republic, citizenship, and inalienable rights. The first estate was the church clergy (those who prayed). The second estate was the nobility knights(those who fought). It was common for aristocrats to enter the Church and shifted from the second to the first estate. The third estate was the peasantry (everyone else).
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